Fix recovery Telegram dedup and unify Beijing time display.

Store alert metrics without per-value Redis members to stop duplicate recovery pushes; format all operator-facing timestamps in Asia/Shanghai across Web UI and Telegram.

docs/audit/2026-06-08-beijing-time-recovery-telegram.md

@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+# 审计 — 北京时间展示统一 + 资源恢复 Telegram 去重（2026-06-08）
+
+**Changelog**:
+- `docs/changelog/2026-06-08-beijing-time-display-unified.md`
+- `docs/changelog/2026-06-08-telegram-recovery-dedup-timezone.md`
+
+**触发原因**: Bug 修复（恢复通知秒级重复、Telegram/UI 时间非北京时间）+ 展示层时区统一
+
+## 审计范围
+
+| 文件 | 行数 | 状态 |
+|------|------|------|
+| `server/utils/display_time.py` | 27 | ☑ 已审 |
+| `server/infrastructure/telegram/__init__.py` | ~320 | ☑ 已审（`_now_cn` 段） |
+| `server/background/ip_allowlist_refresh.py` | ~100 | ☑ 已审（刷新时间） |
+| `server/api/settings.py` | ~1570 | ☑ 已审（Telegram 测试消息） |
+| `server/api/agent.py` | ~385 | ☑ 已审（恢复去重） |
+| `frontend/src/utils/datetime.ts` | 85 | ☑ 已审 |
+| `frontend/src/utils/status.ts` | 36 | ☑ 已审 |
+| `frontend/src/composables/push/labels.ts` | 68 | ☑ 已审 |
+| `frontend/src/composables/useWebSocket.ts` | ~190 | ☑ 已审 |
+| `frontend/src/pages/AuditPage.vue` | ~196 | ☑ 已审 |
+| `frontend/src/pages/AlertsPage.vue` | ~190 | ☑ 已审 |
+| `frontend/src/pages/CommandsPage.vue` | ~393 | ☑ 已审 |
+| `frontend/src/pages/RetriesPage.vue` | ~180 | ☑ 已审 |
+| `frontend/src/pages/SchedulesPage.vue` | ~533 | ☑ 已审 |
+| `frontend/src/pages/ScriptsPage.vue` | ~1315 | ☑ 已审（时间列） |
+| `frontend/src/pages/ScriptRunsPage.vue` | ~681 | ☑ 已审 |
+| `frontend/src/pages/ServersPage.vue` | ~1400 | ☑ 已审（导出文件名） |
+| `frontend/src/components/credentials/CredentialsManager.vue` | ~436 | ☑ 已审 |
+| `frontend/src/components/servers/ServerInlineDetail.vue` | ~158 | ☑ 已审 |
+| `tests/test_display_time.py` | 18 | ☑ 已审 |
+| `tests/test_telegram_time_format.py` | 20 | ☑ 已审 |
+| `tests/test_agent_recovery_dedup.py` | 42 | ☑ 已审 |
+
+## 审计8步结果
+
+### Step 1: 登记 ✅
+
+两项用户反馈：① Telegram 恢复时间显示 UTC；② 同一指标 1 秒内连发多条恢复通知。
+
+### Step 2: 全文 Read ✅
+
+上述文件全文走读；`broadcast_recovery` / `websocket.py` 交叉确认恢复无 Telegram cooldown 设计意图（恢复应即时推送，根因在 Redis 成员重复）。
+
+### Step 3: 规则扫描 H
+
+| ID | 规则 | 命中点 | 初判 |
+|----|------|--------|------|
+| H1 | 静默吞错 | `agent.py` Redis 告警跟踪 `except: debug` | SAFE — 已有模式，告警主路径仍广播 |
+| H2 | 时区一致性 | `parseApiDateTime` 假定 naive = UTC | SAFE — 与 `sync_log_repo`、ORM `_utcnow` 一致 |
+| H3 | 去重完整性 | Redis legacy `mem:92` 多条 | SAFE — `_detect_recovery` 按 metric 去重 + srem 全清 |
+| H4 | XSS / 注入 | 前端 `formatDateTimeBeijing` 仅格式化 | SAFE — Vue 文本插值，无 `v-html` |
+| H5 | 密钥泄露 | `display_time` / `datetime.ts` | SAFE — 无凭据 |
+| H6 | CUD 审计 | 无新 CUD 路径 | N/A |
+| H7 | 多 worker | 恢复 Telegram 仍无 Redis 锁 | LOW — 单心跳内重复已根治；跨 worker 同毫秒双 POST 概率极低，接受 |
+
+### Step 4: Closure表
+
+| H | 判定 | 依据 |
+|---|------|------|
+| H1 | SAFE | 跟踪失败不影响 `broadcast_alert`；日志可见 |
+| H2 | SAFE | DB/API 约定 UTC；文档与 changelog 已说明 |
+| H3 | SAFE | 单测 `test_detect_recovery_dedupes_legacy_metric_value_entries` |
+| H4 | SAFE | 展示层数值格式化 |
+| H5 | SAFE | — |
+| H6 | N/A | — |
+| H7 | ACCEPT | 根因修复；若后续再现可加 `recovery_sent:{id}:{metric}` SETNX |
+
+### Step 5: 入口表
+
+| 入口 | 变更 |
+|------|------|
+| `POST /api/agent/heartbeat` | Redis `alerts:{id}` 成员格式、恢复检测 |
+| Telegram 出站 | `_now_cn` → `format_beijing_now` |
+| `POST .../telegram/test` | 测试消息时间 |
+| 前端各列表页 | 只读展示，无新 API |
+
+### Step 6: 输入→Sink
+
+- Agent `system_info` → 阈值比较 → Redis set / `broadcast_recovery` → Telegram：无新 sink；去重降低 Telegram 频率。
+- API `created_at` 字符串 → `parseApiDateTime` → `Intl` 北京时间：只读展示。
+
+### Step 7: 归类
+
+```
+display_time.py          27行  2H  0 FINDING
+agent.py (recovery)      ~50行  3H  0 FINDING
+datetime.ts              85行  2H  0 FINDING
+前端 10 文件             ~40行  1H  0 FINDING
+测试 3 文件              80行  0H  0 FINDING
+──────────────────────────────────────────
+总计                     8H   0 FINDING（1 ACCEPT）
+```
+
+### Step 8: DoD ✅
+
+- [x] 恢复通知同一指标单次心跳最多 1 条 Telegram
+- [x] Telegram / 审计页 / 告警页等绝对时间为北京时间
+- [x] DB 仍存 UTC，未改调度/漂移计算
+- [x] `pytest` 7 项通过（`test_display_time` / `test_telegram_time_format` / `test_agent_recovery_dedup`）
+- [x] `npm run type-check` 通过
+- [ ] 生产部署与浏览器终验（待用户批准 deploy）
+
+## FINDING 列表
+
+无。H7 为风险接受项，非 FINDING。
+
+## 结论
+
+☑ **审计通过，0 FINDING，可进入部署门控**（需 commit + `pre_deploy_check.sh` + 前端 build）

docs/changelog/2026-06-08-beijing-time-display-unified.md

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+# 2026-06-08 — 全站用户可见时间统一为北京时间
+
+## 变更摘要
+
+存储与计算仍用 UTC；所有面向运维的**展示层**（Web 表格、Telegram、设置页刷新时间等）统一为 `Asia/Shanghai` 北京时间。
+
+## 动机
+
+用户要求不论浏览器时区，界面与通知时间与国内运维习惯一致。
+
+## 方案
+
+- **后端**：`server/utils/display_time.py`（`format_beijing` / `format_beijing_now`）；Telegram、IP 白名单刷新时间、Telegram 测试消息接入
+- **前端**：`frontend/src/utils/datetime.ts`（`parseApiDateTime` 将 MySQL  naive UTC 正确解析 + `formatDateTimeBeijing` 等）；15 页相关表格/内联详情/WS 告警条改用该工具
+
+## 涉及文件
+
+- `server/utils/display_time.py`（新）
+- `server/infrastructure/telegram/__init__.py`
+- `server/background/ip_allowlist_refresh.py`
+- `server/api/settings.py`
+- `frontend/src/utils/datetime.ts`（新）
+- `frontend/src/utils/status.ts`
+- `frontend/src/composables/push/labels.ts`
+- `frontend/src/composables/useWebSocket.ts`
+- 多页 Vue：`Alerts` `Audit` `Commands` `Retries` `Schedules` `Scripts` `ScriptRuns` `Servers` 及凭据/子机内联组件
+
+## 迁移 / 重启
+
+- 无 DB 迁移
+- 需重新构建前端并重启 API
+
+## 验证方式
+
+```bash
+.venv/bin/python -m pytest tests/test_display_time.py tests/test_telegram_time_format.py tests/test_agent_recovery_dedup.py -q
+cd frontend && npm run type-check
+```
+
+浏览器：告警历史、审计、推送历史等列时间应为北京时间（与 UTC 差 8 小时）。

docs/changelog/2026-06-08-telegram-recovery-dedup-timezone.md

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+# 2026-06-08 — 资源恢复 Telegram 去重与时区修正
+
+## 变更摘要
+
+修复子机资源恢复通知「1 秒内连发多条」及消息内「时间」显示为 UTC 而非北京时间的问题。
+
+## 动机
+
+用户反馈子机 #212 内存恢复 Telegram 在约 1 秒内收到多条相同内容；消息底部时间为 UTC，与运维习惯不符。
+
+## 根因
+
+1. **重复推送**：Redis `alerts:{server_id}` 集合以 `mem:92.1` 形式每次超阈值心跳追加新成员；恢复检测对集合内每条成员各触发一次 `broadcast_recovery`，同一指标一次心跳可连发 N 条 Telegram。
+2. **时间不对**：`_now_cn()` 使用 `datetime.now(timezone.utc)` 并标注 `UTC`，对中国用户相当于慢 8 小时。
+
+## 涉及文件
+
+- `server/api/agent.py` — 告警集合仅存指标名；恢复检测按指标去重；清理时兼容 legacy `metric:value`
+- `server/infrastructure/telegram/__init__.py` — `_now_cn()` 改为 `Asia/Shanghai` +「北京时间」
+- `tests/test_agent_recovery_dedup.py`
+- `tests/test_telegram_time_format.py`
+
+## 迁移 / 重启
+
+- 无需 DB 迁移
+- 部署后重启 API 生效；Redis 中既有 `metric:value` 成员在下次恢复时会被按指标批量清除
+
+## 验证方式
+
+```bash
+pytest tests/test_agent_recovery_dedup.py tests/test_telegram_time_format.py -q
+```
+
+生产：子机超阈值后再回落，Telegram 每条指标仅应收到 **一条** 恢复通知，时间为北京时间。

frontend/src/components/credentials/CredentialsManager.vue

@@ -187,6 +187,7 @@ import { formatApiError } from '@/utils/apiError'
 import { required } from '@/utils/validation'
 import { DATA_TABLE_ITEMS_PER_PAGE_OPTIONS, headersWithoutSort } from '@/constants/dataTable'
 import { fetchPagePerPage } from '@/utils/paginatedFetch'
+import { formatDateTimeBeijing } from '@/utils/datetime'
 
 defineOptions({ name: 'CredentialsManager' })
 
@@ -253,9 +254,7 @@ function onItemsPerPageChange(n: number) {
 }
 
 function formatPresetTime(iso: string | undefined): string {
-  if (!iso) return '—'
+  return formatDateTimeBeijing(iso)
-  const d = new Date(iso)
-  return Number.isNaN(d.getTime()) ? iso : d.toLocaleString('zh-CN', { hour12: false })
 }
 
 async function loadPasswords(silent = false) {

frontend/src/components/servers/ServerInlineDetail.vue

@@ -60,6 +60,7 @@ import { http } from '@/api'
 import { formatPushPermission } from '@/composables/push/labels'
 import { formatApiError } from '@/utils/apiError'
 import type { PushItem, ServerApiItem } from '@/types/api'
+import { formatDateTimeBeijing } from '@/utils/datetime'
 
 const props = defineProps<{
   server: ServerApiItem
@@ -96,7 +97,7 @@ function syncLogStatusLabel(status: string): string {
 
 function formatSyncLogTime(log: PushItem): string {
   const parts: string[] = []
-  if (log.started_at) parts.push(log.started_at)
+  if (log.started_at) parts.push(formatDateTimeBeijing(log.started_at))
   if (log.sync_mode) parts.push(log.sync_mode)
   if (log.trigger_type) parts.push(log.trigger_type)
   if (log.push_permission) parts.push(`权限 ${formatPushPermission(log.push_permission)}`)

frontend/src/composables/push/labels.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 /** Display helpers for push UI */
 
 export { formatPushErrorMessage } from '@/utils/pushErrorMessage'
+export { formatDateTimeBeijing as formatLogTime } from '@/utils/datetime'
 
 export function formatSize(bytes: number): string {
   if (bytes < 1024) return `${bytes} B`
@@ -8,13 +9,6 @@ export function formatSize(bytes: number): string {
   return `${(bytes / 1048576).toFixed(1)} MB`
 }
 
-export function formatLogTime(iso: string | null | undefined): string {
-  if (!iso) return '—'
-  const d = new Date(iso)
-  if (Number.isNaN(d.getTime())) return iso
-  return d.toLocaleString('zh-CN', { hour12: false })
-}
-
 export function logStatusLabel(status: string): string {
   switch (status) {
     case 'success': return '成功'

frontend/src/composables/useWebSocket.ts

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
  */
 import { ref, computed } from 'vue'
 import { useAuthStore } from '@/stores/auth'
+import { formatTimeBeijing } from '@/utils/datetime'
 import {
   handleScriptWsMessage,
   setScriptQueueWsConnected,
@@ -98,7 +99,7 @@ export function useWebSocket() {
             serverName: msg.server_name,
             alertType: msg.alert_type || msg.metric,
             value: msg.alert_value || msg.value,
-            time: new Date().toLocaleTimeString(),
+            time: formatTimeBeijing(new Date()),
           }
           alerts.value.unshift(alert)
           if (alerts.value.length > MAX_ALERTS) alerts.value.pop()

frontend/src/pages/AlertsPage.vue

@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@
         </template>
 
         <template #item.created_at="{ item }">
-          <span class="text-caption text-medium-emphasis">{{ item.created_at }}</span>
+          <span class="text-caption text-medium-emphasis">{{ formatDateTimeBeijing(item.created_at) }}</span>
         </template>
         <template #no-data>
           <div class="text-center text-medium-emphasis py-6">暂无数据</div>
@@ -100,6 +100,7 @@ import { http } from '@/api'
 import { useSnackbar } from '@/composables/useSnackbar'
 import type { PaginatedResponse, AlertLogItem, AlertStatsResponse } from '@/types/api'
 import { headersWithoutSort } from '@/constants/dataTable'
+import { formatDateTimeBeijing } from '@/utils/datetime'
 
 defineOptions({ name: 'AlertsPage' })
 

frontend/src/pages/AuditPage.vue

@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@
         </template>
 
         <template #item.created_at="{ item }">
-          <span class="text-caption text-medium-emphasis">{{ item.created_at }}</span>
+          <span class="text-caption text-medium-emphasis">{{ formatDateTimeBeijing(item.created_at) }}</span>
         </template>
         <template #no-data>
           <div class="text-center text-medium-emphasis py-6">暂无数据</div>
@@ -122,6 +122,7 @@ import {
 import { openServerBatchJobResult } from '@/composables/useServerBatchJobViewer'
 import { normalizeAuditList } from '@/utils/auditNormalize'
 import { headersWithoutSort } from '@/constants/dataTable'
+import { formatDateTimeBeijing } from '@/utils/datetime'
 
 defineOptions({ name: 'AuditPage' })
 

frontend/src/pages/CommandsPage.vue

@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@
           <span class="text-medium-emphasis">{{ item.admin_username || '—' }}</span>
         </template>
         <template #item.created_at="{ item }">
-          <span class="text-caption text-medium-emphasis">{{ item.created_at }}</span>
+          <span class="text-caption text-medium-emphasis">{{ formatDateTimeBeijing(item.created_at) }}</span>
         </template>
         <template #no-data>
           <div class="text-center text-medium-emphasis py-6">暂无数据</div>
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@
           </v-chip>
         </template>
         <template #item.started_at="{ item }">
-          <span class="text-caption text-medium-emphasis">{{ item.started_at }}</span>
+          <span class="text-caption text-medium-emphasis">{{ formatDateTimeBeijing(item.started_at) }}</span>
         </template>
         <template #no-data>
           <div class="text-center text-medium-emphasis py-6">暂无数据</div>
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@
         @update:items-per-page="onItemsPerPageChange"
       >
         <template #item.started_at="{ item }">
-          <span class="text-caption text-medium-emphasis">{{ item.started_at || '—' }}</span>
+          <span class="text-caption text-medium-emphasis">{{ formatDateTimeBeijing(item.started_at) }}</span>
         </template>
         <template #item.server_name="{ item }">
           <span class="text-medium-emphasis">{{ item.server_name || '—' }}</span>
@@ -211,6 +211,7 @@ import { useServerList } from '@/composables/useServerList'
 import { useSnackbar } from '@/composables/useSnackbar'
 import { formatApiError } from '@/utils/apiError'
 import { formatPushPermission } from '@/composables/push/labels'
+import { formatDateTimeBeijing } from '@/utils/datetime'
 import type { CommandLogItem, PushItem, SshSessionItem } from '@/types/api'
 import { DATA_TABLE_ITEMS_PER_PAGE_OPTIONS, headersWithoutSort } from '@/constants/dataTable'
 import { fetchPagePerPage } from '@/utils/paginatedFetch'

frontend/src/pages/RetriesPage.vue

@@ -51,11 +51,11 @@
         </template>
 
         <template #item.next_retry_at="{ item }">
-          <span class="text-caption text-medium-emphasis">{{ item.next_retry_at || '—' }}</span>
+          <span class="text-caption text-medium-emphasis">{{ formatDateTimeBeijing(item.next_retry_at) }}</span>
         </template>
 
         <template #item.created_at="{ item }">
-          <span class="text-caption text-medium-emphasis">{{ item.created_at }}</span>
+          <span class="text-caption text-medium-emphasis">{{ formatDateTimeBeijing(item.created_at) }}</span>
         </template>
 
         <template #item.actions="{ item }">
@@ -95,6 +95,7 @@ import { http } from '@/api'
 import { useSnackbar } from '@/composables/useSnackbar'
 import type { PaginatedResponse, RetryItem } from '@/types/api'
 import { headersWithoutSort } from '@/constants/dataTable'
+import { formatDateTimeBeijing } from '@/utils/datetime'
 
 defineOptions({ name: 'RetriesPage' })
 

frontend/src/pages/SchedulesPage.vue

@@ -52,11 +52,11 @@
         </template>
 
         <template #item.last_run_at="{ item }">
-          <span class="text-caption text-medium-emphasis">{{ item.last_run_at || '从未运行' }}</span>
+          <span class="text-caption text-medium-emphasis">{{ item.last_run_at ? formatDateTimeBeijing(item.last_run_at) : '从未运行' }}</span>
         </template>
 
         <template #item.next_run="{ item }">
-          <span class="text-caption text-medium-emphasis">{{ item.next_run || '—' }}</span>
+          <span class="text-caption text-medium-emphasis">{{ item.next_run ? formatDateTimeBeijing(item.next_run) : '—' }}</span>
         </template>
 
         <template #item.actions="{ item }">
@@ -245,6 +245,7 @@ import {
   validateCycleConfig,
   type ScheduleCycleConfig,
 } from '@/utils/scheduleCycle'
+import { formatDateTimeBeijing } from '@/utils/datetime'
 
 defineOptions({ name: 'SchedulesPage' })
 

frontend/src/pages/ScriptRunsPage.vue

@@ -255,6 +255,9 @@
             <template #item.server_count="{ item }">
               {{ item.server_count }}
             </template>
+            <template #item.started_at="{ item }">
+              <span class="text-caption text-medium-emphasis">{{ formatDateTimeBeijing(item.started_at) }}</span>
+            </template>
             <template #item.actions="{ item }">
               <v-btn size="x-small" variant="text" color="primary" @click="openDetail(item)">
                 详情
@@ -302,6 +305,7 @@ import {
   resolveExecServerName,
 } from '@/utils/scriptExecutionLabels'
 import { groupFailedExecRows } from '@/utils/execDetailGrouping'
+import { formatDateTimeBeijing } from '@/utils/datetime'
 
 defineOptions({ name: 'ScriptRunsPage' })
 

frontend/src/pages/ScriptsPage.vue

@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@
             </v-chip>
             <div class="text-body-2 text-medium-emphasis">{{ script.description || '无描述' }}</div>
             <div class="text-caption text-medium-emphasis mt-2">
-              更新于 {{ script.updated_at || script.created_at || '—' }}
+              更新于 {{ formatDateTimeBeijing(script.updated_at || script.created_at) }}
             </div>
           </v-card-text>
           <v-card-actions>
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@
             <template #subtitle>
               <div class="text-caption">
                 {{ execStatusLabel(item.status) }} · {{ parseServerCount(item.server_ids) }} 台
-                · {{ item.operator || '—' }} · {{ formatExecTime(item.started_at) }}
+                · {{ item.operator || '—' }} · {{ formatDateTimeBeijing(item.started_at) }}
               </div>
               <div v-for="(ev, idx) in execEventLines(item)" :key="idx" class="text-caption text-medium-emphasis font-monospace mt-1">
                 {{ ev }}
@@ -254,7 +254,7 @@
           </div>
         </template>
         <template #item.started_at="{ item }">
-          {{ formatExecTime(item.started_at) }}
+          {{ formatDateTimeBeijing(item.started_at) }}
         </template>
         <template #item.actions="{ item }">
           <v-btn size="x-small" variant="text" @click="openExecDetail(item.id)">详情</v-btn>
@@ -652,6 +652,7 @@ import { registerScriptExecution } from '@/composables/useScriptExecutionQueue'
 defineOptions({ name: 'ScriptsPage' })
 import { showScriptSubmitToast } from '@/composables/useScriptSubmitToast'
 import { useScriptExecutionListRefresh } from '@/composables/useScriptExecutionListRefresh'
+import { formatDateTimeBeijing } from '@/utils/datetime'
 
 const dataTablePageOptions = [...DATA_TABLE_ITEMS_PER_PAGE_OPTIONS]
 const snackbar = useSnackbar()
@@ -884,20 +885,12 @@ function execLabel(item: ScriptExecItem): string {
   return '临时命令'
 }
 
-function formatExecTime(ts: string | null | undefined): string {
-  if (!ts) return '—'
-  const d = new Date(ts)
-  if (Number.isNaN(d.getTime())) return ts.replace('T', ' ').slice(0, 19)
-  const pad = (n: number) => String(n).padStart(2, '0')
-  return `${d.getFullYear()}-${pad(d.getMonth() + 1)}-${pad(d.getDate())} ${pad(d.getHours())}:${pad(d.getMinutes())}:${pad(d.getSeconds())}`
-}
-
 function execEventLines(item: ScriptExecItem): string[] {
   const events = item.events || []
   if (!events.length) return []
   return events.slice(-3).map(ev => {
     const label = execEventActionLabels[ev.action || ''] || ev.action || '事件'
-    const time = formatExecTime(ev.at)
+    const time = formatDateTimeBeijing(ev.at)
     const detail = ev.detail || ''
     return `${time} · ${label}${detail ? ` — ${detail}` : ''}`
   })

frontend/src/pages/ServersPage.vue

@@ -599,6 +599,7 @@ import { useSnackbar } from '@/composables/useSnackbar'
 import { useServerPagination } from '@/composables/useServerPagination'
 import { categoryDisplayLabel, useServerCategories } from '@/composables/useServerCategories'
 import { statusChipColor, statusLabel, formatRelativeTime } from '@/utils/status'
+import { beijingTodayYmd } from '@/utils/datetime'
 import { fetchPagePerPage } from '@/utils/paginatedFetch'
 import { isUnsetTargetPath } from '@/utils/serverTargetPath'
 import type { AddByIpResponse, AddByIpsBatchResult, BatchJobStarted, PendingServerItem, PollErrorItem, ServerApiItem } from '@/types/api'
@@ -1372,7 +1373,7 @@ async function exportCSV() {
     const url = URL.createObjectURL(blob)
     const a = document.createElement('a')
     a.href = url
-    a.download = `servers_${new Date().toISOString().slice(0, 10)}.csv`
+    a.download = `servers_${beijingTodayYmd()}.csv`
     a.click()
     URL.revokeObjectURL(url)
     snackbar('导出完成')

frontend/src/utils/datetime.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+/**
+ * User-visible absolute timestamps — always Asia/Shanghai (北京时间).
+ * API / DB store UTC; parse with parseApiDateTime before formatting.
+ */
+
+export const BEIJING_TZ = 'Asia/Shanghai'
+
+/** Parse API/MySQL datetime (naive UTC or ISO Z) into a Date instant. */
+export function parseApiDateTime(raw: string | null | undefined): Date | null {
+  if (raw == null) return null
+  const s = String(raw).trim()
+  if (!s) return null
+
+  let normalized = s
+  if (/^\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2} \d{2}:\d{2}:\d{2}/.test(s)) {
+    normalized = `${s.replace(' ', 'T')}Z`
+  } else if (/^\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}T\d{2}:\d{2}:\d{2}$/.test(s)) {
+    normalized = `${s}Z`
+  } else if (/^\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}T\d{2}:\d{2}:\d{2}\.\d+$/.test(s)) {
+    normalized = `${s}Z`
+  }
+
+  const d = new Date(normalized)
+  return Number.isNaN(d.getTime()) ? null : d
+}
+
+function beijingParts(d: Date): Record<string, string> {
+  const parts = new Intl.DateTimeFormat('en-US', {
+    timeZone: BEIJING_TZ,
+    year: 'numeric',
+    month: '2-digit',
+    day: '2-digit',
+    hour: '2-digit',
+    minute: '2-digit',
+    second: '2-digit',
+    hour12: false,
+  }).formatToParts(d)
+  return Object.fromEntries(
+    parts.filter((p) => p.type !== 'literal').map((p) => [p.type, p.value]),
+  )
+}
+
+function formatParts(d: Date, mode: 'datetime' | 'date' | 'time'): string {
+  const p = beijingParts(d)
+  if (mode === 'date') return `${p.year}-${p.month}-${p.day}`
+  if (mode === 'time') return `${p.hour}:${p.minute}:${p.second}`
+  return `${p.year}-${p.month}-${p.day} ${p.hour}:${p.minute}:${p.second}`
+}
+
+function resolveDate(raw: string | Date | null | undefined): Date | null {
+  if (raw instanceof Date) return Number.isNaN(raw.getTime()) ? null : raw
+  return parseApiDateTime(raw)
+}
+
+/** YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm:ss in Beijing. */
+export function formatDateTimeBeijing(raw: string | Date | null | undefined): string {
+  const d = resolveDate(raw)
+  if (!d) {
+    if (typeof raw === 'string' && raw.trim()) {
+      return raw.replace('T', ' ').slice(0, 19)
+    }
+    return '—'
+  }
+  return formatParts(d, 'datetime')
+}
+
+/** YYYY-MM-DD in Beijing. */
+export function formatDateBeijing(raw: string | Date | null | undefined): string {
+  const d = resolveDate(raw)
+  if (!d) return '—'
+  return formatParts(d, 'date')
+}
+
+/** HH:mm:ss in Beijing. */
+export function formatTimeBeijing(raw: string | Date | null | undefined): string {
+  const d = resolveDate(raw)
+  if (!d) return '—'
+  return formatParts(d, 'time')
+}
+
+/** Today's date in Beijing (for filenames, etc.). */
+export function beijingTodayYmd(): string {
+  return formatDateBeijing(new Date())
+}

frontend/src/utils/status.ts

@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@
  * Extracted from DashboardPage and ServersPage.
  */
 
+import { parseApiDateTime } from '@/utils/datetime'
+
 /** Vuetify chip color for server status */
 export function statusChipColor(status: string): string {
   switch (status) {
@@ -25,8 +27,8 @@ export function statusLabel(status: string): string {
 /** Relative time formatting (Chinese) */
 export function formatRelativeTime(t: string | null): string {
   if (!t) return '—'
-  const date = new Date(t)
+  const date = parseApiDateTime(t)
-  if (isNaN(date.getTime())) return '—'
+  if (!date) return '—'
   const diff = Date.now() - date.getTime()
   if (diff < 60000) return '刚刚'
   if (diff < 3600000) return `${Math.floor(diff / 60000)} 分钟前`

server/api/agent.py

@@ -128,21 +128,31 @@ def _detect_alerts(system_info: dict, thresholds: dict) -> list:
     return alerts
 
 
+def _alert_metric_key(entry: str) -> str | None:
+    """Parse Redis alert set member — supports legacy ``metric:value`` and ``metric``."""
+    if not entry:
+        return None
+    metric = entry.split(":", 1)[0].strip()
+    return metric or None
+
+
 def _detect_recovery(system_info: dict, prev_alerts: set, thresholds: dict) -> list:
     """Detect previously alerted metrics that have returned to normal
 
-    Returns list of (metric, current_value) tuples.
+    Returns list of (metric, current_value) tuples — at most one entry per metric
+    even when Redis still holds legacy ``metric:value`` duplicates.
     """
-    recoveries = []
+    recoveries: list[tuple[str, float]] = []
+    seen_metrics: set[str] = set()
     for prev in prev_alerts:
-        parts = prev.split(":")
+        metric = _alert_metric_key(prev)
-        if len(parts) != 2:
+        if not metric or metric in seen_metrics:
             continue
-        metric = parts[0]
         current = _safe_float(
             system_info.get(f"{metric}_usage") or system_info.get(metric), metric
         )
         if current is not None and current < _threshold_for(thresholds, metric):
+            seen_metrics.add(metric)
             recoveries.append((metric, current))
 
     return recoveries
@@ -277,7 +287,8 @@ async def receive_heartbeat(
             # Track active alert in Redis
             try:
                 redis = get_redis()
-                await redis.sadd(f"{REDIS_ALERT_KEY_PREFIX}{server_id}", f"{alert_type}:{alert_value}")
+                # Store metric name only — value in member caused duplicate recovery pushes
+                await redis.sadd(f"{REDIS_ALERT_KEY_PREFIX}{server_id}", alert_type)
                 await redis.expire(f"{REDIS_ALERT_KEY_PREFIX}{server_id}", 3600)  # 1h TTL
             except Exception:
                 logger.debug(f"Failed to track alert in Redis for server {server_id}")
@@ -293,9 +304,9 @@ async def receive_heartbeat(
                     logger.info(f"Recovery: server {server_id} {metric}={value}%")
                     await broadcast_recovery(server_id, metric, value, server_name)
 
-                    # Remove recovered alert from Redis tracking
+                    # Remove recovered metric (legacy metric:value members included)
                     for prev in prev_alerts:
-                        if prev.startswith(f"{metric}:"):
+                        if _alert_metric_key(prev) == metric:
                             await redis.srem(f"{REDIS_ALERT_KEY_PREFIX}{server_id}", prev)
         except Exception as e:
             logger.error(f"Recovery detection failed for server {server_id}: {e}")

server/api/settings.py

@@ -1025,8 +1025,9 @@ async def telegram_test_send(
     if not _settings.TELEGRAM_CHAT_ID:
         raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="TELEGRAM_CHAT_ID 未配置，请先检测并填写")
 
-    from datetime import datetime, timezone
+    from server.utils.display_time import format_beijing_now
-    now = datetime.now(timezone.utc).strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S UTC")
+
+    now = format_beijing_now()
     sys_name = html.escape((_settings.SYSTEM_NAME or "Nexus").strip())
     message = (
         f"✅ <b>【Telegram 配置测试】消息发送成功</b>\n"

server/background/ip_allowlist_refresh.py

@@ -80,8 +80,9 @@ async def _do_refresh():
         settings.LOGIN_SUBSCRIPTION_IPS = sub_val
         settings.LOGIN_ALLOWED_IPS = combined_val
 
-        from datetime import datetime, timezone
+        from server.utils.display_time import format_beijing
-        _last_refresh_at = datetime.now(timezone.utc).strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M UTC")
+
+        _last_refresh_at = format_beijing(with_label=False)
         _last_subscription_count = len(new_sub_ips)
         logger.info(
             "Subscription IPs refreshed: %d → combined %d (+ %d manual)",

server/infrastructure/telegram/__init__.py

@@ -7,9 +7,8 @@ import html
 import logging
 import re
 import httpx
-from datetime import datetime, timezone
-
 from server.config import settings
+from server.utils.display_time import format_beijing_now
 from server.utils.notify_toggles import notify_attr_enabled, resource_alert_notify_enabled, resource_recovery_notify_enabled
 
 logger = logging.getLogger("nexus.telegram")
@@ -34,7 +33,7 @@ _METRIC_CN: dict[str, str] = {
 
 
 def _now_cn() -> str:
-    return datetime.now(timezone.utc).strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S UTC")
+    return format_beijing_now()
 
 
 def _metric_cn(metric: str) -> str:

server/utils/display_time.py

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+"""User-visible timestamps — always Asia/Shanghai (北京时间)."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from datetime import datetime, timezone
+from zoneinfo import ZoneInfo
+
+BEIJING_TZ = ZoneInfo("Asia/Shanghai")
+
+
+def to_beijing(dt: datetime) -> datetime:
+    """Convert aware or naive-UTC datetime to Beijing wall clock."""
+    if dt.tzinfo is None:
+        dt = dt.replace(tzinfo=timezone.utc)
+    return dt.astimezone(BEIJING_TZ)
+
+
+def format_beijing(dt: datetime | None = None, *, with_label: bool = True) -> str:
+    """Format datetime for operators (default: now in 北京时间)."""
+    when = to_beijing(dt or datetime.now(timezone.utc))
+    text = when.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
+    return f"{text} 北京时间" if with_label else text
+
+
+def format_beijing_now() -> str:
+    return format_beijing(with_label=True)

tests/test_agent_recovery_dedup.py

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+"""Recovery detection must emit one notification per metric, not per Redis entry."""
+
+from server.api.agent import _alert_metric_key, _detect_recovery
+
+
+def test_alert_metric_key_parses_legacy_and_new_formats():
+    assert _alert_metric_key("mem") == "mem"
+    assert _alert_metric_key("mem:92.1") == "mem"
+    assert _alert_metric_key("cpu:85.0") == "cpu"
+    assert _alert_metric_key("") is None
+
+
+def test_detect_recovery_dedupes_legacy_metric_value_entries():
+    thresholds = {"cpu": 80, "mem": 80, "disk": 80}
+    prev_alerts = {"mem:88.0", "mem:91.2", "mem:93.5"}
+    system_info = {"mem_usage": 55.0}
+
+    recoveries = _detect_recovery(system_info, prev_alerts, thresholds)
+
+    assert recoveries == [("mem", 55.0)]
+
+
+def test_detect_recovery_one_per_metric_when_multiple_metrics():
+    thresholds = {"cpu": 80, "mem": 80, "disk": 80}
+    prev_alerts = {"cpu:90.0", "mem:88.0", "mem:92.0"}
+    system_info = {"cpu_usage": 40.0, "mem_usage": 50.0}
+
+    recoveries = _detect_recovery(system_info, prev_alerts, thresholds)
+
+    assert sorted(recoveries) == [("cpu", 40.0), ("mem", 50.0)]
+
+
+def test_detect_recovery_skips_still_alerting_metric():
+    thresholds = {"cpu": 80, "mem": 80, "disk": 80}
+    prev_alerts = {"mem:88.0", "mem:91.0"}
+    system_info = {"mem_usage": 85.0}
+
+    assert _detect_recovery(system_info, prev_alerts, thresholds) == []

tests/test_display_time.py

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+"""Display time helpers use Asia/Shanghai for operators."""
+
+from datetime import datetime, timezone
+
+from server.utils.display_time import format_beijing, to_beijing
+
+
+def test_format_beijing_from_utc():
+    dt = datetime(2026, 6, 8, 4, 30, 0, tzinfo=timezone.utc)
+    assert format_beijing(dt, with_label=False) == "2026-06-08 12:30:00"
+    assert format_beijing(dt).endswith("北京时间")
+
+
+def test_to_beijing_naive_as_utc():
+    naive = datetime(2026, 6, 8, 4, 30, 0)
+    bj = to_beijing(naive)
+    assert bj.hour == 12
+    assert bj.minute == 30

tests/test_telegram_time_format.py

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+"""Telegram timestamps should display Beijing local time."""
+
+from datetime import datetime
+from zoneinfo import ZoneInfo
+
+from server.infrastructure.telegram import _now_cn
+from server.utils.display_time import format_beijing_now
+
+
+def test_now_cn_uses_beijing_timezone_label():
+    text = _now_cn()
+    assert text == format_beijing_now()
+    assert text.endswith("北京时间")
+    assert "UTC" not in text
+    wall = text.replace(" 北京时间", "")
+    parsed = datetime.strptime(wall, "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S").replace(tzinfo=ZoneInfo("Asia/Shanghai"))
+    utc_now = datetime.now(ZoneInfo("UTC"))
+    delta_seconds = abs((parsed - utc_now).total_seconds())
+    assert delta_seconds < 120